Is It Time to Use the Stick to Get Nigerians Serious About Recycling?

A report by the World Bank confirms that only about 20% of the waste generated in Nigeria is recycled. The remaining 80% ends up in landfills, water bodies, or as litter, causing significant environmental and health issues.

Recycling is crucial for managing waste and preserving our environment. However, in Nigeria, the rate of recyclable wastes is alarmingly low. Despite various initiatives and campaigns, many Nigerians remain indifferent to recycling practices. This begs the question whether stricter measures – the “stick” approach are necessary to enhance recycling efforts in the country.

No doubt, recycling in Nigeria is hindered by several factors, including lack of awareness, inadequate infrastructure, and insufficient governmental policies.

One major barrier to effective recycling is the lack of knowledge about recyclable materials.

Understanding what can and cannot be recycled is essential for efficient waste management. Generally, paper food packaging can be recycled if it is clean and free from food residue. However, if it is heavily soiled, it should be disposed of in the trash. Tissue paper, including used napkins and paper towels, is not recyclable as it often contains contaminants that can affect the recycling process. Empty paint cans can be recycled if they are made of metal and completely empty and dry. Any leftover paint should be disposed of according to hazardous waste regulations. Glass wine bottles are highly recyclable and should be rinsed and have any labels removed before recycling. Plastic straws are not recyclable due to their small size and the type of plastic used and should be disposed of in the trash. Bio-degradable plastic bags are designed to break down over time and are not typically recyclable. They should be disposed of in composting facilities if available.

A study by the Nigerian Environmental Society (NES) found that Lagos State, the commercial hub of Nigeria, has a recycling rate of less than 15%. This is significantly lower than the global average of 50% in developed countries. According to a survey conducted by Clean-Up Nigeria, only 30% of Nigerians are aware of what materials are recyclable. This low level of awareness contributes to the improper disposal of recyclable materials. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) reports that Nigeria generates approximately 32 million tonnes of solid waste annually, with plastic waste constituting about 2.5 million tonnes. The improper disposal of plastic waste leads to environmental degradation and poses a threat to marine life.

Given the low recycling rates and the significant environmental impact of improper waste disposal, it may be time to consider stricter measures to enforce recycling practices in Nigeria. The government should implement and enforce policies that mandate recycling for households and businesses. This could include fines for non-compliance and incentives for those who adhere to recycling guidelines. Extensive public education campaigns are needed to raise awareness about the importance of recycling and to educate the public on what can and cannot be recycled. Investing in recycling infrastructure is crucial, including providing recycling bins, establishing recycling centers, and ensuring efficient waste collection systems. The government should collaborate with private sector players to develop and implement recycling programs, including partnerships with waste management companies and recycling firms. Engaging communities through local initiatives, workshops, and programs can help foster a culture of recycling.

It is evident that Nigeria faces significant challenges in its recycling efforts. While voluntary measures have had limited success, adopting a stricter approach may be necessary to drive significant change. By implementing robust policies, enhancing public awareness, and improving recycling infrastructure, Nigeria can take crucial steps towards a more sustainable future. Recycling is not just an environmental responsibility but a necessity for a healthier and cleaner Nigeria. It is time for all stakeholders—government, businesses, and citizens—to take recycling seriously and work collectively towards achieving this goal.